基于植物的防御策略理解天人合一的中药药效观*

作者：丁 薇1，孙艺凡1，陈香云1，陈丹妮1，李家旺1，徐艺赫1，杨 桢1，刘珍洪2

单位：1.北京中医药大学中医学院，北京 102488； 2.北京中医药大学中医脑病研究院，北京 100700

引用：引用：丁薇，孙艺凡，陈香云，陈丹妮，李家旺，徐艺赫，杨桢，刘珍洪.基于植物的防御策略理解天人合一的中药药效观[J].中医药导报,2025,31(9):79-82.

DOI：10.13862/j.cn43-1446/r.2025.09.013

PDF： 下载PDF

摘要：植物为抵御草食性动物和适应生存环境，进化出多种防御策略与机制，以合成萜类、酚类、生物碱等次生代谢产物为主要化学防御手段，这也是植物源的中药发挥药效的基础和源泉。人类作为自然界的一部分，与草食性动物拥有一些相似的生理结构和化学基础，能通过植物作用于动物身上的药理毒理反应确定药效性质。多数中药的药效本质为植物化学防御的性能，人类通过观察实践，准确理解与把握这些性能，趋利避害，能有效纠正疾病状态，与自然和谐共生。

关键词：中药；药效；天人合一；植物防御策略；次生代谢产物

Abstract：

Plants have evolved a variety of defense strategies and defense mechanisms to resist herbivores and adapt to their environment. The synthesized secondary metabolites such as terpenes, phenols, and alkaloids are their main chemical defense weapons and they also form the basis and source of the medicinal effects of traditional Chinese medicine. As a part of nature, humans share some similarities in physiological structure and chemical basis with herbivorous animals. Some of the pharmacological and toxic effects of plants on these animals can also be transferred to the human body. The medicinal effects of most Chinese medicines are basically the properties of the chemical defense of plants. Human beings can accurately grasp and understand these properties through practical knowledge, seek benefits and avoid harm, and correct the disease state of the human body.

Key words：traditional Chinese medicine; efficacy; integration of nature and human; plant defense strategies; secondary metabolites

发布时间：2026-01-08

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