基于《中华医典》的传统中药丸剂辅料应用概述*
作者：王 磊，王宝才，李俊江
单位：甘肃省中医院，甘肃 兰州 730050
引用：引用：王磊，王宝才，李俊江.基于《中华医典》的传统中药丸剂辅料应用概述[J].中医药导报,2025,31(9):68-73.
DOI：10.13862/j.cn43-1446/r.2025.09.011
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摘要： 以《中华医典》为依据，对传统中药丸剂辅料的品种、来源、特点及其应用沿革进行挖掘、归纳与整理，旨在为现代丸剂辅料的开发与利用提供理论指导和参考。传统中药丸剂辅料来源广泛、种类繁多，依据辅料的自然属性，可划分为植物性辅料、动物性辅料和矿物性辅料。植物性辅料包括鲜药的汁液、油脂、果肉、种子、糖类、树脂、饭、粥、饮、蒸饼、粽、米糊、面糊、药物糊、发酵产物等；动物性辅料有蜂蜜、蜂蜡、脂肪、乳汁、胆汁、血液、蛋（卵）、脑脊髓、脏器、胶类、肉类等；矿物性辅料包含石脑油、芒硝、石膏等。传统中药丸剂辅料有治疗相关疾病的功效，既能作丸剂黏合剂，又能治病，实现“药辅合一”。根据疾病证候特点（阴阳、寒热、表里、虚实）选适宜辅料制丸，亦是传统中药丸剂特色。
关键词：中药丸剂；辅料；《中华医典》；研究概述
Abstract：Based on the Chinese Medical Classics, this article
explores, summarizes and organizes the varieties, sources, characteristics and
application history of traditional Chinese medicine pill excipients, to provide
theoretical guidance and reference for the development and utilization of
modern pill excipients. The excipients of traditional Chinese medicine pills
come from a wide range of sources and types. Based on the natural properties of
excipients, they can be divided into plant-based excipients, animal based
excipients, and mineral based excipients. Plant-based excipients include juice
of fresh medicine, oil, pulp, seed, sugar, resin, rice, congee, drink, steamed
cake, zong (粽), rice paste, flour paste,
medicine paste, fermented products, etc. Animal based excipients include honey,
beeswax, fat, breast milk, bile, blood, eggs, brain and spinal cord, organs,
gelatinous substances, meat, etc. Mineral based excipients include naphtha,
saltpeter, gypsum, etc. The excipients of most traditional pills not only serve
as adhesives, but also have therapeutic effects to achieve a "combination
of medicine and adjuncts" effect. Choosing suitable excipients based on
the characteristics of different diseases (Yin and Yang, cold and heat,
exterior and interior, deficiency and excess) is the characteristic of traditional
pills.
Key words：Chinese medicine pills; excipients; Chinese Medical Classics; research overview
发布时间：2026-01-08
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