从“形气同调”角度探析针刺联合冲击波在颞下颌关节紊乱病治疗中的应用*

作者：宋跃华，李秀霞，戴奕光，周文欣

单位：广州中医药大学东莞医院/东莞市中医院，广东 东莞 523000

引用：引用：宋跃华，李秀霞，戴奕光，周文欣.从“形气同调”角度探析针刺联合冲击波在颞下颌关节紊乱病治疗中的应用[J].中医药导报,2025,31(8):160-164,210.

DOI：10.13862/j.cn43-1446/r.2025.08.025

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摘要：探讨中医“阳化气，阴成形”理论在颞下颌关节紊乱病（TMD）治疗中的应用。结合中医古籍和现代学者对“阳化气，阴成形”的理论探析得出，“形”可指人体形态结构，是构成人体的实体部分；而“气”可指无形能量，是物质的代谢过程。TMD的病机涉及“气”与“形”的失调，表现为血行不畅，经脉失常、肝脏亏虚、翼外肌功能亢进和炎症反应。治疗TMD时，可采用“形气同调”的治疗策略，结合冲击波和针刺疗法，调节气血运行，缓解经脉拘急，补益肝脏，改善炎症和肌肉状态。

关键词：颞下颌关节紊乱病；形气同调；针刺；冲击波；综述

Abstract：

This study explores the application of the TCM theory "Yang transforms Qi, Yin constitutes Form" (阳化气，阴成形) in treating temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Through analysis of classical TCM texts and contemporary scholarly interpretations, "Form" (形) is defined as the morphological structure of the human body (i.e., tangible anatomical entities), while "Qi" (气) denotes intangible functional energy (i.e., metabolic processes of substances). The pathogenesis of TMD involves dysfunction in both "Qi" and "Form", manifesting as impaired blood circulation, meridian dysfunction, liver deficiency, hyperactivity of the lateral pterygoid muscle, and inflammatory responses. The therapeutic strategy of "Simultaneous Regulation of Form and Qi" (形气同调) is proposed, integrating extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) and acupuncture to regulate Qi-blood circulation, alleviate meridian spasticity, tonify the liver, and ameliorate inflammation and muscular abnormalities.

Key words：temporomandibular disorders; simultaneous regulation of form and qi; acupuncture; extracorporeal shockwave therapy; review

发布时间：2026-01-06

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