舒筋四法对肌肉痉挛大鼠骨骼肌生物力学及形态学的影响*
作者：刘志凤1，陈金平2，刘家玥2，张汉钰2，孙佳伟2，张英琦2，王锡友1，张 洋1
单位：1.北京中医药大学东直门医院，北京 100700； 2.北京中医药大学针灸推拿学院，北京 102488
引用：引用：刘志凤，陈金平，刘家玥，张汉钰，孙佳伟，张英琦，王锡友，张洋.舒筋四法对肌肉痉挛大鼠骨骼肌生物力学及形态学的影响[J].中医药导报,2026,32(2):32-35,52.
DOI：10.13862/j.cn43-1446/r.2026.02.006
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摘要：
目的：探究舒筋四法对肌肉痉挛大鼠骨骼肌生物力学及形态学的影响。方法：将36只SD大鼠随机分为空白组（6只）和造模组（30只），造模组以肌筋膜疼痛综合征（MPS）腓肠肌痉挛模型模拟肌肉痉挛。将30只造模成功大鼠随机分为模型组、揉法组、拨法组、㨰法组、牵拉法组，每组6只。揉法组、拨法组、㨰法组、牵拉法组大鼠分别予舒筋四法（揉法、拨法、㨰法、牵拉法）进行定时、定性、定量干预。使用Myoton Pro数字化肌肉功能系统评估患侧腓肠肌肌张力、肌肉弹性、肌肉硬度，通过透射电镜观察腓肠肌肌纤维排列、线粒体等超微结构。结果：干预后，揉法组、拨法组、牵拉法组、㨰法组大鼠腓肠肌肌张力及肌肉硬度均低于干预前（P＜0.05），且揉法组、拨法组、牵拉法组、㨰法组大鼠腓肠肌肌张力及肌肉硬度均低于模型组（P＜0.05）；干预后，揉法组、拨法组、牵拉法组、㨰法组大鼠肌肉弹性均高于干预前（P＜0.05），且揉法组、拨法组、牵拉法组、㨰法组大鼠肌肉弹性均高于模型组（P＜0.05）。模型组腓肠肌肌原纤维排列紊乱，Z线模糊，明暗带不清晰，肌节短缩，线粒体形态异常；揉法组、拨法组、㨰法组、牵拉法组大鼠腓肠肌肌原纤维排列较规则，明暗带较清晰，线粒体增多。结论：舒筋四法可以恢复肌肉痉挛大鼠腓肠肌张力、硬度及弹性，改善腓肠肌超微结构。
关键词：肌肉痉挛；肌筋膜疼痛综合征；推拿；舒筋；生物力学；形态学；大鼠
Abstract：
Objective: To investigate the effects of
the "Four Manipulations of Muscle Release" on the biomechanics and
morphology of skeletal muscle in rats with muscle spasm. Methods: A total of 36
SD rats were randomly divided into a blank control group (n=6) and a modeling
group (n=30). Muscle spasm was simulated using a myofascial pain syndrome (MPS)
model of the gastrocnemius muscle in the modeling group. The 30 successfully
modeled rats were then randomly divided into the model group, kneading group,
plucking group, rolling group, and stretching group, with 6 rats in each group.
Rats in the kneading, plucking, rolling, and stretching groups received
regular, qualitative, and quantitative intervention using the corresponding
"Four Manipulations of Muscle Release" (kneading, plucking, rolling,
and stretching). The tension, elasticity, and stiffness of the affected
gastrocnemius muscle were assessed using the Myoton Pro digital muscle function
system. The ultrastructure, including myofibril arrangement and mitochondria,
was observed by transmission electron microscopy. Results: After intervention,
the muscle tension and stiffness in the kneading, plucking, rolling, and stretching
groups were significantly lower than those measured before intervention
(P<0.05). Compared to the model group, the kneading, plucking, rolling, and
stretching groups showed significantly lower muscle tension and stiffness after
intervention (P<0.05). The muscle elasticity after intervention in the
kneading, plucking, rolling, and stretching groups was significantly higher
than that before intervention (P<0.05). Compared to the model group, the
kneading, plucking, rolling, and stretching groups showed significantly higher
muscle elasticity after intervention (P<0.05). Electron microscopy revealed
that in the model group, the myofibrils were irregularly arranged with blurred
Z-lines, indistinct light and dark bands, shortened sarcomeres, and abnormally
shaped mitochondria. In contrast, the myofibrils in in the kneading, plucking,
rolling, and stretching groups were arranged more regularly, with clearer light
and dark bands and increased numbers of mitochondria. Conclusion: The
"Four Manipulations of Muscle Release" can restore the tension,
stiffness, and elasticity and improve the ultrastructure of the gastrocnemius
muscle in rats with muscle spasms.
Key words：muscle spasm; myofascial pain syndrome; Tuina; muscle release; biomechanics; morphology; rats
发布时间：2026-03-05
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