中药调控蛋白质翻译后修饰治疗动脉粥样硬化的研究进展*

作者：殷晓磊1，曹 珊2，祁 祥1，张 莎2，陈 健1，赵 哲1，付晓霄1，杨亚博1

单位：1.河南中医药大学中医学院（仲景学院），河南 郑州 450046； 2.河南中医药大学医学院，河南 郑州 450046

引用：引用：殷晓磊，曹珊，祁祥，张莎，陈健，赵哲，付晓霄，杨亚博.中药调控蛋白质翻译后修饰治疗动脉粥样硬化的研究进展[J].中医药导报,2026,32(1):145-153,160.

DOI：10.13862/j.cn43-1446/r.2026.01.025

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摘要：阐述蛋白质翻译后修饰（PTMs）与动脉粥样硬化（AS）的关联，总结PTMs在AS发生与发展过程中的作用机制，并综述中药通过调控PTMs防治AS的研究进展及其潜在分子机制。中药可通过靶向调控蛋白质磷酸化、乙酰化、糖基化、泛素化等多种PTMs途径发挥抗AS作用，其机制主要涉及调节磷脂酰肌醇-3-激酶（PI3K）/蛋白激酶B（Akt）、核因子κB（NF-κB）、细胞外信号调节激酶1/2（ERK1/2）、c-Jun氨基末端激酶（JNK）、Kelch样ECH关联蛋白1（Keap1）/核转录因子红系2相关因子2（Nrf2）等关键信号通路以及叉头框蛋白O1（FoxO1）、超氧化物歧化酶2（SOD2）等重要靶蛋白活性。萜类、皂苷类、黄酮类、甾体类和多糖类等中药活性成分可调控磷酸化修饰；多酚类成分侧重于乙酰化修饰；生物碱类成分主要影响糖基化和磷酸化；木脂素类以调控糖基化为主要方式；香豆素类则主要参与泛素化和磷酸化过程。

关键词：动脉粥样硬化；中药；蛋白质翻译后修饰；综述

Abstract：

This article systematically elaborates on the relationship between protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) and atherosclerosis (AS), summarizes the mechanistic roles of PTMs in the initiation and progression of AS, and reviews research progress on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in preventing and treating AS by regulating PTMs, along with the underlying molecular mechanisms. TCM can exert anti-AS effects by targeting various PTM pathways, such as phosphorylation, acetylation, glycosylation, and ubiquitination. The mechanisms primarily involve the regulation of key signaling pathways, including PI3K/Akt, NF-κB, ERK1/2, JNK, and Keap1/Nrf2, as well as the activity of important target proteins such as FoxO1 and SOD2. Among TCM active components, terpenoids, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, and polysaccharides primarily regulate phosphorylation modifications; polyphenolic components focus on acetylation modifications; alkaloids mainly influence glycosylation and phosphorylation; lignans primarily regulate glycosylation; while coumarins are mainly involved in ubiquitination and phosphorylation processes.

Key words：atherosclerosis; traditional Chinese medicine; protein post-translational modifications; review

发布时间：2026-01-30

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