基于网络药理学、分子对接及动物实验研究显齿蛇葡萄联合林下山参增强免疫的作用机制*

作者：胡睿智，张方博，田纪祥，张 东，赵晓昂

单位：中国中医科学院中药研究所，北京 100700

引用：引用：胡睿智，张方博，田纪祥，张东，赵晓昂.基于网络药理学、分子对接及动物实验研究显齿蛇葡萄联合林下山参增强免疫的作用机制[J].中医药导报,2026,32(1):57-63.

DOI：10.13862/j.cn43-1446/r.2026.01.009

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摘要：目的：利用网络药理学、分子对接和动物实验验证相结合研究显齿蛇葡萄联合林下山参增强免疫的作用机制。方法：通过网络药理学结合分子对接预测显齿蛇葡萄联合林下山参增强免疫的核心靶点和潜在作用机制。动物实验构建环磷酰胺致免疫力低下小鼠模型，通过迟发型变态反应实验和血清溶血素的形成实验分别观察两者联用是否增强细胞免疫和体液免疫功能，再结合蛋白质印迹（Western blotting）法实验验证网络药理学研究预测的靶点。结果：发现显齿蛇葡萄的主要化学成分有25个，林下山参有22个，作用靶点共684个，与免疫增强相关的交集靶点共244个，其中核心靶点有STAT3、SRC、PIK3R1、PIK3CA、HSP90AA1、PIK3CB、AKT1、PIK3CD、PTPN11和EGFR。基因本体（GO）富集分析结果主要涉及磷酸化、细胞凋亡过程的负调控、外源性刺激的反应和炎症反应等。京都基因与基因组百科本书（KEGG）富集分析结果主要涉及PI3K/Akt信号通路、EGFR酪氨酸抑制剂抵抗、AGE/RAGE信号通路和Ras信号通路等。分子对接结果表明两者联用的有效成分与筛选出的核心靶点密切结合。动物实验研究结果表明两者联用显著提高免疫力低下小鼠的细胞免疫和体液免疫功能，Western blotting实验研究结果显示，两者联合能抑制小鼠脾脏组织STAT3蛋白的表达。结论：显齿蛇葡萄联合林下山参可能通过调节脾脏组织STAT3信号通路的表达，增强免疫力低下小鼠模型的细胞免疫和体液免疫功能。

关键词：显齿蛇葡萄；林下山参；免疫增强；网络药理学；分子对接；STAT3信号通路；小鼠

Abstract：

Objective: To investigate the immunoenhancement mechanism of Ampelopsis grossedentata combined with mountain-cultivated ginseng using network pharmacology, molecular docking, and animal experiments. Methods: The core targets and potential mechanism were predicted via network pharmacology and molecular docking. An immunosuppressed mouse model was induced by cyclophosphamide. The delayed-type hypersensitivity test and the serum hemolysin assay were conducted to assess cellular and humoral immune functions, respectively. Western blotting was performed to verify the targets predicted by network pharmacology. Results: Network pharmacology revealed 25 main chemical components from Ampelopsis grossedentata and 22 from mountain-cultivated ginseng. A total of 684 potential targets for these components were identified, with 244 overlapping targets related to immunoenhancement. Core targets including STAT3, SRC, PIK3R1, PIK3CA, HSP90AA1, PIK3CB, AKT1, PIK3CD, PTPN11, and EGFR were screened. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis indicated that biological processes were primarily associated with phosphorylation, negative regulation of apoptotic process, response to external stimulus, and inflammatory response. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis suggested involvement in pathways such as the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance, AGE/RAGE signaling pathway, and Ras signaling pathway. Molecular docking showed good binding affinity between the active components and the core targets. Animal experiments demonstrated that the combination significantly enhanced both cellular and humoral immune functions in immunosuppressed mice. Western blotting results indicated that the combination inhibited the expression of STAT3 protein in spleen tissue. Conclusion: The combination of Ampelopsis grossedentata and mountain-cultivated ginseng may enhance cellular and humoral immunity in  immunosuppressed mice by modulating the STAT3 signaling pathway in the spleen.

Key words：ampelopsis grossedentata; mountain-cultivated ginseng; immunoenhancement; network pharmacology; molecular docking; STAT3 signaling pathway; mice

发布时间：2026-01-30

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