手少阳三焦脉法的理论构建与源流考证*

作者：王 超1，高 阔2，孙志波1，李亚飞1，邓 品1，吴 琼1

单位：1.中国中医科学院中医基础理论研究所，北京 100700； 2.北京中医药大学，北京 100029

引用：引用：王超，高阔，孙志波，李亚飞，邓品，吴琼.手少阳三焦脉法的理论构建与源流考证[J].中医药导报,2025,31(10):217-220.

DOI：10.13862/j.cn43-1446/r.2025.10.040

PDF： 下载PDF

摘要：手少阳三焦脉法最早明确记载于《脉经》，与胃气脉法、四时五行脉法并列为当时临床常用脉法体系。该脉法以《难经》三焦-原气理论为基础，依托十二经脉循环运行之气汇聚于“寸口脉”的特点，同时创新性地发展了《黄帝内经》“三部九候脉法”，将人体上中下三部简化为寸关尺三部，并将左右手寸关尺六部与十二经脉及五脏六腑相配属。该理论发展脉络清晰：始于《难经》奠定雏形，《脉经》继承并发展了三部四经分候体系，确立“左手心肝肾，右手肺脾命门”的基本框架；后经《诊家枢要》《景岳全书》《医宗金鉴》等医籍的不断完善，最终形成现今临床通用的六部脉法体系，其与脏腑的对应关系也得以确立。现代研究表明，基于该理论研发的多种数字化脉诊仪已广泛应用于临床，为“六部分候脏腑”理论提供了客观依据，也彰显了这一传统诊法体系的科学价值。

关键词：手少阳三焦脉法；六部脉法；脉诊；源流；《难经》；《脉经》；文献考证

Abstract：

The Shoushaoyang Sanjiao pulse method was first clearly recorded in the Mai Jing and was listed as a commonly used pulse system in clinical practice at that time, along with the Stomach Qi pulse method and the Four Seasons and Five Elements pulse method. Based on the Sanjiao-Original Qi theory in Nan Jing, this pulse method relies on the characteristic that the circulating Qi of the twelve meridians converges at the "Cunkou Pulse". Meanwhile, it innovatively developed the "Sanbu Jiuhou Pulse Method" from Huang Di Nei Jing, which simplifying the upper, middle, and lower parts of the human body into three parts of Cun, Guan and Chi, and matching the six positions of Cun Guan and Chi in the left and right hands with the twelve meridians and five organs and six viscera. The theoretical development of this method has a clear context: its prototype was established in Nan Jing, and the Mai Jing inherited and developed the three part and four meridian classification system, establishing the basic framework of "left hand corresponding to heart, liver, kidney, and right hand corresponding to lung, spleen, mingmen". After the continuous improvement of medical books such as Zhen Jia Shu Yao, Zhen Jia Shu Yao, and Yi Zong Jin Jian, the current clinical universal six part pulse system was finally formed, and its corresponding relationship with organs and viscera was established. Modern research has shown that various digital pulse diagnosis instruments developed based on this theory have been widely used in clinical practice, providing objective basis for the "six part syndrome of zang-fu organs" theory and demonstrating the scientific value of this traditional diagnosis system.

Key words：Shoushaoyang Sanjiao pulse method; six part pulse method; pulse diagnosis; origin and development; Nan Jing; Mai Jing; textual research

发布时间：2026-01-08

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