运气学说的现代研究进展*

作者：蓝弘毅1，陆 曙2,3，陶国水2,3

单位：1.南京中医药大学，江苏 南京 210023； 2.南京中医药大学附属无锡医院，江苏 无锡 214071； 3.无锡市龙砂医学流派研究院，江苏 无锡 214071

引用：引用：蓝弘毅，陆曙，陶国水.运气学说的现代研究进展[J].中医药导报,2025,31(8):165-170,203.

DOI：10.13862/j.cn43-1446/r.2025.08.026

PDF： 下载PDF

摘要：

五运六气是中国古人对天地自然变化规律的研究总结，并应用于人体生理、病理和疾病治疗、预防的研究。现代以来运气学说发展迅速，从理论体系、现代多学科研究、临床应用、研究不足角度客观论述了运气学说的现代发展。运气学说的核心价值在于其动态整体思维、中医理论文化传承与跨学科方法论，其“天人合一”的核心思想促进了中医理论体系的发展，历代医家阐释运气之理，发挥阴阳五行、运气气化、标本中气、开阖枢等经典中医理论，产生了不同的学术主张，催化了后世医学流派的百家争鸣；运气学说还为现代医学提供了独特的研究视角和分析框架，在体质学、时间医学、医学气象学、流行病学等领域中都展现出独特的解释力；现代学者对运气理论的临床应用也有很大创新，建立运气方药的临证应用范式、开展运气针法研究。但目前运气研究仍面临一定争议和挑战，包括理论依据、循证证据、科学验证等方面还存在欠缺，需正确传承运气理论、建立客观统一的评估体系、进一步开展循证研究，以提升其科学性与准确性。

关键词：五运六气；运气学说；天人合一；开阖枢；标本中气；运气方；综述

Abstract：

The Five Evolutive Phases and Six Climatic Factors (Wuyun Liuqi) represent ancient Chinese systematic studies of natural cosmic rhythms and their applications in human physiology, pathology, disease treatment, and prevention. This review objectively examines modern developments in Yunqi theory through four dimensions: theoretical frameworks, interdisciplinary research, clinical applications, and current limitations. The core value of Yunqi theory lies in its dynamic holistic thinking, cultural transmission of TCM principles, and cross-disciplinary methodology. Its fundamental concept of "Heaven-Human Correspondence" (天人合一) has catalyzed the evolution of TCM theoretical systems, prompting historical physicians to interpret classical theories including Yin-Yang/Five Phases, Qi transformation of Yunqi, Branch-Root-Centrality Qi Dynamics (标本中气), and Opening-Closing-Pivot Mechanism (开阖枢), thereby generating diverse academic perspectives and fostering scholarly debates among medical schools. Yunqi theory further provides unique analytical frameworks for modern medicine, demonstrating explanatory power in constitution theory, chronomedicine, medical meteorology, and epidemiology. Contemporary scholars have innovatively applied Yunqi principles clinically through establishing evidence-based prescription paradigms (运气方) and developing temporal acupuncture protocols. Nevertheless, current research faces challenges including theoretical controversies, insufficient empirical evidence, and methodological validation gaps. Future directions should emphasize authentic theoretical transmission, standardized evaluation systems, and evidence-based studies to enhance scientific rigor.

Key words：five evolutive phases and six climatic factors; Yunqi theory; heaven-human correspondence; opening-closing-pivot mechanism; qi dynamics of branch-root-centrality; Yunqi-based formulas; review

发布时间：2026-01-06

点击量：43