小青龙汤对支气管哮喘大鼠嗜酸性粒细胞凋亡机制的调节作用研究*

作者：南钟浩1，孟玲玉2，李春雷3，舒 亮1，卢 艳1，周星宇4，包海鹏1

单位：1.内蒙古自治区中医医院，内蒙古 呼和浩特 010020； 2.南京中医药大学淮安附属医院，江苏 淮安 223001； 3.中日友好医院，北京 100029； 4.内蒙古医科大学，内蒙古 呼和浩特 010110

引用：引用：南钟浩，孟玲玉，李春雷，舒亮，卢艳，周星宇，包海鹏.小青龙汤对支气管哮喘大鼠嗜酸性粒细胞凋亡机制的调节作用研究[J].中医药导报,2025,31(6):31-35.

DOI：10.13862/j.cn43-1446/r.2025.06.006

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摘要：目的：探讨小青龙汤对支气管哮喘大鼠嗜酸性粒细胞（EOS）凋亡机制的调节作用。方法:将50只SD大鼠随机分为空白对照组、模型对照组、小青龙汤组、地塞米松组、小青龙汤联合地塞米松组（联合用药组），每组10只。除空白对照组外，其余各组使用卵蛋白/氢氧化铝混合液致敏大鼠后，予卵蛋白溶液雾化激发的方式复制支气管哮喘模型，各组分别予相应药物连续灌胃14 d。采用免疫荧光TUNEL染色法检测大鼠肺组织中EOS凋亡情况；酶联免疫吸附法检测大鼠血清中转化生长因子-β（TGF-β）、干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）、白介素-3（IL-3）、粒细胞-巨细胞集落刺激因子（GM-CSF）含量；免疫印迹法检测大鼠肺组织中唾液酸结合免疫球蛋白样凝集素-8（Siglec-8）、胱天蛋白酶-3（Caspase-3）、嗜酸性粒细胞趋化蛋白（Eotaxin）表达水平。结果：模型对照组大鼠肺组织内可见大量EOS浸润，且EOS凋亡率低于空白对照组（P＜0.05）；模型对照组大鼠肺组织Siglec-8、Caspase-3蛋白相对表达量低于空白对照组（P＜0.05），Eotaxin蛋白相对表达量高于空白对照组（P＜0.05）；模型对照组大鼠血清TGF-β、IFN-γ水平低于空白对照组（P＜0.05），IL-3、GM-CSF水平高于空白对照组（P＜0.05）；小青龙汤组、地塞米松组、联合用药组大鼠肺组织EOS浸润减少，且EOS凋亡率均高于模型对照组（P＜0.05）；小青龙汤组、地塞米松组、联合用药组大鼠肺组织Siglec-8、Caspase-3蛋白相对表达量均高于模型对照组（P＜0.05），Eotaxin蛋白相对表达量均低于模型对照组（P＜0.05）；小青龙汤组、地塞米松组、联合用药组大鼠血清中TGF-β、IFN-γ水平均高于模型对照组（P＜0.05），IL-3、GM-CSF水平均低于模型对照组（P＜0.05）；各用药组（小青龙汤组、地塞米松组、联合用药组）中以联合用药组大鼠指标改善最为显著。结论:小青龙汤可能通过调控促凋亡因子与抑凋亡因子改善支气管哮喘大鼠肺组织内EOS凋亡情况。

关键词：支气管哮喘；小青龙汤；嗜酸性粒细胞；细胞凋亡；机制；大鼠

Abstract：

Objective: To investigate the regulatory effect of Xiaoqinglong decoction on the apoptosis mechanism of eosinophils (EOS) in rats with bronchial asthma. Method: Totally 50 SD rats were randomly divided into blank control group, model control group, Xiaoqinglong decoction group, dexamethasone group, and Xiaoqinglong decoction combined with dexamethasone group (combination therapy group), 10 rats in each group. Except for the blank control group, after sensitizing rats with (OVA)/Al(OH)3-mixed liquid, asthmatic rat model was replicated by atomizing and stimulating with OVA solution. Each group were administered corresponding drugs via continuous gastric administration for 14 days. Immunofluorescence TUNEL staining was used to detect eosinophil apoptosis in lung tissue, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed to measure the levels of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-3 (IL-3), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in rat serum. Additionally, Western blotting was utilized to assess the expression levels of sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin-8 (Siglec-8), cysteinyl aspartate specific protease-3 (Caspase-3), and eosinophil chemotactic protein (Eotaxin) in lung tissues. Results: The model control group exhibited EOS infiltration and model control group showed lower apoptosis rates in lung tissues than blank control group (P＜0.05). The model control group showed lower Siglec-8 and Caspase-3 expression than blank control group (P<0.05), while higher Eotaxin expression than blank control group (P<0.05). The model control group showed lower serum TGF-β and IFN-γ levels than blank control group (P<0.05), while higher IL-3 and GM-CSF levels than blank control group (P<0.05). The infiltration of EOS in the lung tissue was reduced in the Xiaoqinglong decoction group, dexamethasone group and combination therapy group, and the Xiaoqinglong decoction group, dexamethasone group and combination therapy group showed higher apoptosis rates than model control group (P<0.05). The Xiaoqinglong decoction group, dexamethasone group and combination therapy group showed higher relative expression levels of Siglec-8 and Caspase-3 than model control group (P<0.05), while lower Eotaxin protein expression than model control group (P<0.05). The Xiaoqinglong decoction group, dexamethasone group and combination therapy group showed higher levels of TGF-β and IFN-γ in the serum, than model control group (P<0.05), while lower levels of IL-3 and GM-CSF than model control group (P<0.05). The combination therapy group showed the most significant improvement in rat indicators among all medication groups (Xiaoqinglong decoction group, dexamethasone group and combination therapy group). Conclusion: Xiaoqinglong decoction may accelerate EOS apoptosis within asthmatic rat's lung tissues through regulating pro-apoptosis factors as well as anti-apoptosis factors.

Key words：bronchial asthma; Xiaoqinglong decoction; eosinophil; apoptosis; mechanism; rat

发布时间：2026-01-03

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